There are 11 ways to get from Seville to Niort by plane, train, bus, train (Renfe, Ouigo, TGV), or car
Select an option below to see step-by-step directions and to compare ticket prices and travel times in Rome2Rio's travel planner.
Fly Seville Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport, train
best- Fly from Seville Airport (SVQ) to Nantes Atlantique Airport (NTE)plane SVQ - NTE
- Take the train from Nantes to La Rochelletrain
- Take the train from La Rochelle Ville to Niorttrain
9h 3m€113–333Bus to Faro Airport, fly to Nantes Atlantique Airport, train
cheapest- Take the bus from Seville to Farobus
- Fly from Faro Airport (FAO) to Nantes Atlantique Airport (NTE)plane FAO - NTE
- Take the train from Nantes to La Rochelletrain
- Take the train from La Rochelle Ville to Niorttrain
11h 21m€105–373Train, bus
- Take the train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Madrid-Puerta de Atocha-Almudena Grandestrain Ave
- Take the bus from Madrid to La Rochellebus
- Take the train from La Rochelle Ville to Niorttrain Ter
17h 13m€124–258Train
- Take the train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Barcelona-Santstrain
- Take the train from Barcelona-Sants to Narbonnetrain Tgv
- Take the train from Narbonne to Bordeaux St Jeantrain
- Take the train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitierstrain Tgv
- Take the train from Poitiers to Niorttrain Ter
18h 6m€239–561Drive 1,330.5 km
- Drive from Seville to Niortcar 1,330.5 km
12h 44m€217–314Fly Seville Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport, train
- Fly from Seville Airport (SVQ) to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport (BOD)plane SVQ - BOD
- Take the train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitierstrain
- Take the train from Poitiers to Niorttrain
8h 58m€121–316Fly Seville Airport to Toulouse-Blagnac Airport, train
- Fly from Seville Airport (SVQ) to Toulouse-Blagnac Airport (TLS)plane SVQ - TLS
- Take the train from Toulouse Matabiau to Bordeaux St Jeantrain
- Take the train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitierstrain
- Take the train from Poitiers to Niorttrain
11h 34m€150–382Train, train to Málaga Airport, fly to Nantes Atlantique Airport
- Take the train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Cordoba-Centraltrain
- Take the train from Cordoba-Central to Malaga Maria Zambranotrain
- Fly from Málaga Airport (AGP) to Nantes Atlantique Airport (NTE)plane AGP - NTE
- Take the train from Nantes to La Rochelletrain
- Take the train from La Rochelle Ville to Niorttrain
11h 9m€126–395Train, train to Málaga Airport, fly to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport
- Take the train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Cordoba-Centraltrain
- Take the train from Cordoba-Central to Malaga Maria Zambranotrain
- Fly from Málaga Airport (AGP) to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport (BOD)plane AGP - BOD
- Take the train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitierstrain
- Take the train from Poitiers to Niorttrain
10h 53m€119–388Bus via Donostia / San Sebastián
- Take the bus from Sevilla, Estación de Autobuses to Estación de Autobuses Donostia-San Sebastiánbus
- Take the bus from San Sebastián - Bus Station to Angoulême - Bus Stationbus
- Take the bus from Gare Sncf to Gare Routiere Quai 2bus 148
23h 10m€107–158Bus
- Take the bus from Sevilla, Estación de Autobuses (Plaza de Armas) to Granada Estación de Autobusesbus
- Take the bus from Granada to La Rochellebus
- Take the bus from Gare routière to Pôle Atlantiquebus
26h 3m€134–214
Seville to Niort by train, bus, and foot
Comparing Your Travel Options
The cheapest way to get from Seville to Niort is to bus via Donostia / San Sebastián which costs €100 - €160 and takes 23h 10m.
The fastest way to get from Seville to Niort is to fly and train which takes 8h 58m and costs €120 - €320.
No, there is no direct bus from Seville to Niort. However, there are services departing from Sevilla, Estación de Autobuses and arriving at Gare Routiere Quai 2 via San Sebastián - Bus Station and Gare Sncf. The journey, including transfers, takes approximately 23h 10m.
No, there is no direct train from Seville to Niort. However, there are services departing from Sevilla-Santa Justa and arriving at Niort via Barcelona-Sants, Narbonne, Bordeaux St Jean and Poitiers. The journey, including transfers, takes approximately 18h 6m.
The distance between Seville and Niort is 1404 km. The road distance is 1330.5 km.
The best way to get from Seville to Niort without a car is to train and bus which takes 17h 13m and costs €120 - €260.
It takes approximately 9h 3m to get from Seville to Niort, including transfers.
Seville to Niort bus services, operated by Socibus, depart from Sevilla, Estación de Autobuses station.
Seville to Niort train services, operated by iryo, depart from Sevilla-Santa Justa station.
The best way to get from Seville to Niort is to train which takes 18h 6m and costs €230 - €600. Alternatively, you can bus via Donostia / San Sebastián, which costs €100 - €160 and takes 23h 10m.
What companies run services between Seville, Spain and Niort, France?
You can take a train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Niort via Barcelona-Sants, Narbonne, Bordeaux St Jean, and Poitiers in around 18h 6m. Alternatively, you can take a bus from Sevilla, Estación de Autobuses to Gare Routiere Quai 2 via San Sebastián - Bus Station and Gare Sncf in around 23h 10m.
- Website
- iberia.com
Flights from Seville Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport via Madrid
- Ave. Duration
- 4h
- When
- Every day
- Estimated price
- €50–260
Flights from Seville Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport via Barcelona
- Ave. Duration
- 4h
- When
- Tuesday to Friday
- Estimated price
- €55–230
Flights from Seville Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport via Madrid
- Ave. Duration
- 4h
- When
- Every day
- Estimated price
- €100–190
Flights from Seville Airport to Toulouse-Blagnac Airport via Madrid
- Ave. Duration
- 3h 26m
- When
- Every day
- Estimated price
- €90–200
Flights from Málaga Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport via Barcelona
- Ave. Duration
- 4h 25m
- When
- Thursday to Friday
- Estimated price
- €65–230
Flights from Málaga Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport via Madrid
- Ave. Duration
- 4h
- When
- Every day
- Estimated price
- €55–280
Flights from Málaga Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport via Barcelona
- Ave. Duration
- 4h 14m
- When
- Saturday to Wednesday
- Estimated price
- €55–180
Flights from Málaga Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport via Madrid
- Ave. Duration
- 4h
- When
- Every day
- Estimated price
- €45–250
- Website
- vueling.com
Flights from Seville Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport via Madrid
- Ave. Duration
- 4h
- When
- Every day
- Estimated price
- €50–260
Flights from Seville Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport via Barcelona
- Ave. Duration
- 4h
- When
- Tuesday to Friday
- Estimated price
- €55–230
Flights from Seville Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport via Madrid
- Ave. Duration
- 4h
- When
- Every day
- Estimated price
- €100–190
Flights from Seville Airport to Toulouse-Blagnac Airport via Madrid
- Ave. Duration
- 3h 25m
- When
- Every day
- Estimated price
- €90–200
Flights from Málaga Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport via Barcelona
- Ave. Duration
- 4h 25m
- When
- Thursday to Friday
- Estimated price
- €65–230
Flights from Málaga Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport via Barcelona
- Ave. Duration
- 4h 14m
- When
- Saturday to Wednesday
- Estimated price
- €55–180
- Website
- ryanair.com
Flights from Seville Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 2h
- When
- Monday
- Estimated price
- €23–240
Flights from Seville Airport to Toulouse-Blagnac Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 50m
- When
- Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Saturday
- Estimated price
- €45–160
Flights from Seville Airport to Toulouse-Blagnac Airport via Valencia
- Ave. Duration
- 3h 30m
- When
- Sunday
- Estimated price
- €45–160
- Website
- easyjet.com
Flights from Faro Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 10m
- When
- Tuesday and Friday
- Estimated price
- €45–290
Flights from Málaga Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 10m
- When
- Thursday, Monday, Friday, and Sunday
- Estimated price
- €45–240
Flights from Málaga Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 55m
- When
- Monday and Friday
- Estimated price
- €65–230
- Website
- volotea.com
Flights from Seville Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 50m
- When
- Tuesday and Saturday
- Estimated price
- €55–170
Flights from Faro Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 5m
- When
- Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday, and Sunday
- Estimated price
- €35–280
Flights from Málaga Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 10m
- When
- Tuesday to Sunday
- Estimated price
- €22–170
Flights from Málaga Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 50m
- When
- Friday to Sunday
- Estimated price
- €24–140
- Website
- transavia.com
Flights from Seville Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 5m
- When
- Monday, Thursday, and Sunday
- Estimated price
- €50–290
Flights from Seville Airport to Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 55m
- When
- Thursday, Friday, and Sunday
- Estimated price
- €45–260
Flights from Faro Airport to Nantes Atlantique Airport
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 5m
- When
- Friday
- Estimated price
- €60–340
Rome2Rio's guide to Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français (SNCF)
Contact DetailsContact Details
- Phone
- +33 1 84 94 36 35
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Nantes to La Rochelle
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 45m
- Frequency
- 4 times a day
- Estimated price
- €30–55
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from La Rochelle Ville to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 46 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €11–20
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from La Rochelle Ville to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 46 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €11–20
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Narbonne to Bordeaux St Jean
- Ave. Duration
- 3h 49m
- Frequency
- Every 2 hours
- Estimated price
- €70–120
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitiers
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 20m
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €40–75
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Poitiers to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 58 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €13–23
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitiers
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 20m
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €40–75
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Poitiers to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 58 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €13–23
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Nantes to La Rochelle
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 45m
- Frequency
- 4 times a day
- Estimated price
- €30–55
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from La Rochelle Ville to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 46 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €11–20
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Toulouse Matabiau to Bordeaux St Jean
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 29m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €40–75
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitiers
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 20m
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €40–75
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Poitiers to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 58 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €13–23
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Nantes to La Rochelle
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 45m
- Frequency
- 4 times a day
- Estimated price
- €30–55
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from La Rochelle Ville to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 46 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €11–20
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitiers
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 20m
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €40–75
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
Train from Poitiers to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 58 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €13–23
- Website
- Oui.SNCF
- Phone
- +33 1 84 94 36 35
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from La Rochelle Ville to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 39 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €13–20
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from La Rochelle Ville to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 39 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €13–20
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from Barcelona-Sants to Narbonne
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 12m
- Frequency
- 4 times a day
- Estimated price
- €45–75
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitiers
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 46m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €45–75
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from Poitiers to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 43 min
- Frequency
- Every 2 hours
- Estimated price
- €15–23
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitiers
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 46m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €45–75
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from Poitiers to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 43 min
- Frequency
- Every 2 hours
- Estimated price
- €15–23
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from La Rochelle Ville to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 39 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €13–20
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from Toulouse Matabiau to Bordeaux St Jean
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 31m
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €50–80
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitiers
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 46m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €45–75
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from Poitiers to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 43 min
- Frequency
- Every 2 hours
- Estimated price
- €15–23
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from La Rochelle Ville to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 39 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €13–20
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from Bordeaux St Jean to Poitiers
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 46m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €45–75
- Website
- TGV inOui
Train from Poitiers to Niort
- Ave. Duration
- 43 min
- Frequency
- Every 2 hours
- Estimated price
- €15–23
- Website
- TGV inOui
Rome2Rio's guide to Renfe AVE
Contact DetailsContact Details
- Phone
- +34 91 232 03 20
- Website
- Renfe AVE
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Madrid-Puerta de Atocha-Almudena Grandes
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 39m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €65–120
- Website
- Renfe AVE
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Barcelona-Sants
- Ave. Duration
- 6h 10m
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €150–270
- Website
- Renfe AVE
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Cordoba-Central
- Ave. Duration
- 42 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €18–35
- Website
- Renfe AVE
Train from Cordoba-Central to Malaga Maria Zambrano
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 4m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €24–45
- Website
- Renfe AVE
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Cordoba-Central
- Ave. Duration
- 42 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €18–35
- Website
- Renfe AVE
Train from Cordoba-Central to Malaga Maria Zambrano
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 4m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €24–45
- Website
- Renfe AVE
- Phone
- +34 900 926 851
- atencion.cliente@iryo.eu
- Website
- Iryo
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Madrid-Puerta de Atocha-Almudena Grandes
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 45m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €40–75
- Website
- Iryo
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Barcelona-Sants
- Ave. Duration
- 6h 20m
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €100–170
- Website
- Iryo
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Cordoba-Central
- Ave. Duration
- 43 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €11–20
- Website
- Iryo
Train from Cordoba-Central to Malaga Maria Zambrano
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 3m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €15–26
- Website
- Iryo
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Cordoba-Central
- Ave. Duration
- 43 min
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €11–20
- Website
- Iryo
Train from Cordoba-Central to Malaga Maria Zambrano
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 3m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €15–26
- Website
- Iryo
- Phone
- +34 900 759 781
- Website
- Ouigo
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Madrid-Puerta de Atocha-Almudena Grandes
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 39m
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €35–65
- Website
- Ouigo
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Barcelona-Sants
- Ave. Duration
- 6h 26m
- Frequency
- Once daily
- Estimated price
- €85–140
- Website
- Ouigo
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Cordoba-Central
- Ave. Duration
- 42 min
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €10–17
- Website
- Ouigo
Train from Cordoba-Central to Malaga Maria Zambrano
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 3m
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €13–22
- Website
- Ouigo
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Cordoba-Central
- Ave. Duration
- 42 min
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €10–17
- Website
- Ouigo
Train from Cordoba-Central to Malaga Maria Zambrano
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 3m
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €13–22
- Website
- Ouigo
Rome2Rio's guide to Renfe Viajeros
Contact DetailsContact Details
- Phone
- +34 91 232 03 20
- Website
- Renfe Viajeros
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Madrid-Puerta de Atocha-Almudena Grandes
- Ave. Duration
- 3h 7m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €55–85
- Website
- Renfe Viajeros
Train from Barcelona-Sants to Narbonne
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 9m
- Frequency
- 4 times a day
- Estimated price
- €30–45
- Website
- Renfe Viajeros
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Cordoba-Central
- Ave. Duration
- 44 min
- Frequency
- Every 30 minutes
- Estimated price
- €15–23
- Website
- Renfe Viajeros
Train from Cordoba-Central to Malaga Maria Zambrano
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 19m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €21–35
- Website
- Renfe Viajeros
Train from Sevilla-Santa Justa to Cordoba-Central
- Ave. Duration
- 44 min
- Frequency
- Every 30 minutes
- Estimated price
- €15–23
- Website
- Renfe Viajeros
Train from Cordoba-Central to Malaga Maria Zambrano
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 19m
- Frequency
- Hourly
- Estimated price
- €21–35
- Website
- Renfe Viajeros
- Phone
- +49 30 300 137 300
- service@flixbus.com
- Website
- Flixbus
Bus from Madrid to La Rochelle
- Ave. Duration
- 12h 10m
- Frequency
- Twice daily
- Estimated price
- €75–120
- Website
- Flixbus
Bus from Seville to Faro
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 40m
- Frequency
- Every 4 hours
- Estimated price
- €17–26
- Website
- Flixbus
Bus from Granada to La Rochelle
- Ave. Duration
- 19h 45m
- Frequency
- 6 times a week
- Estimated price
- €110–180
- Website
- Flixbus
- Phone
- +351 21 75 24 524
- Website
- Rede Expressos
Bus from Seville to Faro
- Ave. Duration
- 2h 30m
- Frequency
- 3 times a day
- Estimated price
- €13–25
- Website
- Rede Expressos
- Phone
- +34 915 304 417
- socibus@socibus.es
- Website
- Socibus
Bus from Sevilla, Estación de Autobuses to Estación de Autobuses Donostia-San Sebastián
- Ave. Duration
- 14h 15m
- Frequency
- Twice daily
- Estimated price
- €75–110
- Website
- Socibus
- Phone
- +3 318 576 2228
- Website
- BlaBlaCar Bus
Bus from San Sebastián - Bus Station to Angoulême - Bus Station
- Ave. Duration
- 5h 5m
- Frequency
- 5 times a week
- Estimated price
- €25–45
- Website
- BlaBlaCar Bus
- Phone
- 0970 870 870
- Mobilite79@deux-sevres.fr
- Website
- Cars Régionaux Nouvelle-Aquitaine (Deux-Sèvres / 79)
Bus from Gare Sncf to Gare Routiere Quai 2
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 50m
- Frequency
- Once a week
- Estimated price
- €3
- Schedules at
- Cars Régionaux Nouvelle-Aquitaine (Deux-Sèvres / 79)
- Phone
- +34 910 207 007
- Website
- ALSA
Bus from Sevilla, Estación de Autobuses (Plaza de Armas) to Granada Estación de Autobuses
- Ave. Duration
- 3h
- Frequency
- Every 3 hours
- Estimated price
- €20–35
- Website
- ALSA
Bus from Gare routière to Pôle Atlantique
- Ave. Duration
- 1h 18m
- Frequency
- 5 times a day
- Estimated price
- €3
- Schedules at
- Réseau interurbain de la Charente-Maritime
Want to know more about travelling around France
Rome2Rio's Travel Guide series provide vital information for the global traveller. Filled with useful and timely travel information, the guides answer all the hard questions - such as 'How do I buy a ticket?', 'Should I book online before I travel? ', 'How much should I expect to pay?', 'Do the trains and buses have Wifi?' - to help you get the most out of your next trip.
Related travel guides
5 delightfully under-the-radar French towns you need to visit
Read the travel guide
Train travel in France: A guide to SNCF
Read the travel guide
Train travel in Spain: A guide to Renfe
Read the travel guide
Booking & Getting There
Seville to Niort bus services, operated by Socibus, arrive at Estación de Autobuses Donostia-San Sebastián station.
Seville to Niort train services, operated by iryo, arrive at Barcelona-Sants station.
Yes, the driving distance between Seville to Niort is 1330 km. It takes approximately 12h 44m to drive from Seville to Niort.
Book your Seville to Niort train tickets online with Omio.
Book your Seville to Niort bus tickets online with Omio.
There are 471+ hotels available in Niort.














































